What retinol actually does

Retinol is a form of vitamin A that speeds up cell turnover and stimulates collagen. Over months, it softens fine lines, fades pigmentation and refines texture.

How to start

Begin with a low strength two nights a week, applied to dry skin after cleansing. Increase slowly over six to eight weeks as your skin adjusts.

Dealing with irritation

Dryness and flaking in the first weeks are normal. Buffer with moisturiser, skip a night if you need to, and never layer it with exfoliating acids.

Consistency beats strength. A gentle retinol used for a year will outperform a strong one you gave up on after a month.

When to pause before treatments

Stop retinol five days before peels, microneedling, laser or waxing, and wait until skin has fully healed before starting again. Avoid retinol entirely during pregnancy.